colon cancer stages| What is colon cancer?

What is colon cancer?




"Colon cancer, also known as colon cancer, causes colon cancer, what is colon cancer, how is colon cancer treatment?" The answer to your questions is our news.

There are things you need to know about colon cancer!
Colon cancer, the third most common cancer in our country, is becoming increasingly common. Colon cancer in every 20-30 lives in one's life; from dieting habits to alcohol and cigarette use. Increasing social awareness is crucial since early diagnosis plays a critical role in colon cancer, which progresses sneaky and does not give any signs at all, but can be prevented when it is detected when it is still in the polyp.



What are the causes of colon (colon) cancer?


Acıbadem University Atakent Hospital Gastroenterology Expert Assoc. Dr. Fatih Oğuz Leader, listed the causes of colon cancer.



Gastroenterology Specialist Assoc. Dr. Fatih Oğuz Önder, due to the fact that large intestine cancer and polyps did not give any symptoms in the early period; those without genetic risk should at least undergo colonoscopy after 50 years of age, even if there is no complaint. "The role of colonoscopy in the prevention and early diagnosis of large bowel cancer is great. Colonoscopy is quite safe and comfortable when done in suitable conditions. Those with polyp or colon cancer in the family should be screened at an earlier age, "he says. In the advanced stage of colon cancer, symptoms such as anemia in the patients, blood in the canvas, mucus-like discharge, diarrhea or constipation in bowel habits, abdominal pain and weight loss can manifest themselves. What are the main factors that lead to colon cancer?
Excessive red meat and salami, sausage, sausage consumption
The World Health Organization has included processed meat products such as salami, sausage, sausage, and bacon in definitive carcinogens in 2015. Excessive consumption of red meat also increases the risk of colon cancer, especially in the same notice is drawn attention.


Incorrect eating habits
Incorrect eating habits increase the risk of colon cancer. Excessive nutrition and obesity can cause colon cancer as well as many health problems. In particular, the low consumption of vegetables and fruit, while the whole digestive system health, but also poses an important risk in terms of colon cancer.



Burning meat on a barbecue
The way you cook in colon cancer is also very important. Especially in cooking methods such as barbecue, carcinogens can be formed resulting in burning of meat. These carcinogens can trigger the development of stomach, pancreatic and colon cancers. For this reason, make sure that the meat is not at least 15 cm away from the fire. The longer the length of the barbecue is, the greater the risk of carcinogen formation.



Alcohol and cigarettes
Scientific studies have shown that alcohol and cigarette use are a serious risk factor for colon cancer as well as other health-related disruptive effects.



Cancer in close relatives
Familial and genetic factors play a major role in the cause of large bowel cancer. People with intestinal cancers in close relatives are more likely to develop colon cancer. In these people it is very important to have cancer screenings at regular intervals. In addition, people with breast, ovarian and uterine cancer must be screened for colon cancer.



Column polyps
Colon polyps are the most common diseases of the large intestine. Almost all large bowel cancers; It is made up of parts of an abnormal structure of the tissue consisting of the intestinal internal wall and extending into the intestine. Over time, the cells in the polyp can change into cancers and spread from there. These polyps are detected by colonoscopy and can be destroyed before the bad conversion takes place.



Progressive age
Gastroenterology Specialist Assoc. Dr. Fatih Oğuz Önder "With the advancing age, the risk of intestinal cancer increases. More than 90 percent of patients are over 40 years of age, and after 40, the rate of colon cancer is doubling every 10 years, "he says.



Do MANGAL CANCER?


What are the risk factors for colon (large bowel) cancer?


Professor of Gastroenterology at Academic Hospital. Dr. Erol Avşar explained the risk factors and symptoms of colon cancer.
Experts say that anyone who is 45-50 years old will have almost no colon cancer cases after 20-30 years if they have regular colonoscopy.



Colon cancer risk factors:


Age: Those aged 50 and over are at greatest risk of sex discrimination.


It is in the family: especially in the first degree relatives of those with colon cancer and in the family with a cancer story at an early age (before the age of 55).


Finding some types of polyps: Adenomatous polyps are increasing the risk of being present.


Gynecological cancer: There is a risk in the womb, ovary or breast cancer in and of itself.


Nutritional way: Fibrous consumption of low-fat, abundant fat, animal protein-weighted diet increases the risk.


Genetics: Genetic diseases of the large intestine (hereditary colon cancer) constitute a high risk for colon cancer development.


Other predispositions: Previously, colorectal cancer or inflammatory bowel disease with polyp is also among the factors that increase the risk of colon cancer in the person.


What are the symptoms of colon (large intestine) cancer?


Colon cancer is a type of cancer that does not give easy symptoms and is a slowly growing cancer but it is possible to treat it if it is diagnosed by screening tests before giving symptoms. A two-meter-large organ in the large intestine ... Cancers holding the right lobe of the intestine and cancers holding the respiratory disease give different signs, according to the side of the cancer the patient's complaints are changing. On the left side of the intestine is a narrower region, more cancerous in the area, such as thinning, hemorrhage, changes in the fecal pattern is found. As the intestine is wider on the right side, the cancer moves sneaky here. The area is wider, so it takes more time to give the symptom. There are symptoms such as fatigue, anemia, loss of appetite and abdominal pain in the patient.



Painful stools,
The newly emerged iron deficiency anemia,
Weight loss,
Massive mass in the abdomen is an important symptom in terms of colon cancer.


Fight with cancer!


Colon cancer is a preventable disease!


Kadıköy Florence Nightingale Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Assoc. Dr. Dr. Erdem Akbal, colon cancer is among the first in the list of preventable cancer types are noted.
Colon cancer is the result of abnormal cell growth in the large intestines. These growths into the intestine lumen are called polyps or flat lesions. Approximately 80 percent of all polyps are risk factors for cancer development. Adenomas or polyps called serrated adenomas develop cancer. Since there is a certain period of time between the polyp cancer development process, it is possible to detect these lesions, which are cancer precursors, without developing cancer. Assoc. Dr. Erdem Akbal, for this reason, early detection of colon cancer scans may be possible.



What are the risk factors for colon cancer development?
The risk factors for colon cancer are age, smoking, alcohol, gender, obesity, decreased physical activity, the presence of close relatives with colon cancer or genetic transition cancer syndromes (bladder cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, stomach cancer, breast cancer).



What is the role of nutrition in preventing colon cancer?
At the first stage of colon cancer development, there is a cellular disorder in the epithelial cells of the colon. There are a number of dietary factors that trigger this disorder. The fat content in foods is an important factor, especially in animal fat content. One of the most popular topics in recent years has been the disruption of the bacterial structure in the gut, causing an increase in the production of a number of nitrous amine-containing carcinogens, a risk factor for cancer. High consumption of red meat causes the formation of iron carcinogenic substances, leading to an increased risk of colon cancer. Poor fiber and fruit-fed diet lead to an increased risk of bowel cancer.



Watch out for cigarettes!
Smoking causes an increase in many types of cancer, especially lung cancer. Cigarette smoking also causes a significant increase in the development of colon cancer / polyp. The incidence of both bowel cancer and polyps is increasing, especially for smokers who have been living for long periods of time.



It may not cause any complaints!
Unless there is no complaint in the case of colon cancer screening, the expected life expectancy in these patient groups is shorter because the disease generally progresses until complaints occur. However, it may also cause various complaints according to the settlement area in the large intestine. Bleeding constipation Abdominal pain in the abdomen Changes in bowel habits or changes in the form of feces, fatigue, weight loss and iron deficiency are among the findings of colon cancer.



Who should be scanned?
Screening should be done to detect colon cancer and colon polyps early in those who have no complaints. For this, a 50-year-old limit has been introduced all over the world. It is recommended that colon cancer screening be performed even if there is no complaint in people over 50 years of age. It has recently been reported that screening may be conducted under the age of 50 according to certain criteria, based on the use of cigarette alcohol and scoring systems based on sex.

Patients who have colon cancer in their family usually start to scan at 40 years of age. Some specific genetic transitional cancer syndromes should be initiated at a much earlier age. For those who have a complaint, examination for colon cancer should be done when it is deemed necessary without considering the age limit.



How is colon cancer screening done?


Colonoscopy: Colonoscopy is the most reliable method for detecting colon polyp and cancer. Colonoscopy allows direct observation of the large intestines and biopsies of lesions such as polyps and cancer cause diagnosis. It is used for screening in some tests such as stool occult blood test, fecal DNA test, virtual colonoscopy, double contrast x-ray. However, according to the colonoscopy, the accuracy rate is low.



If colon cancer or polyp is detected, can it be treated without surgery?
Endoscopic polypectomy in the treatment of colon polyps and early stage colon cancers is a routine procedure for a long time. Some major polyp / early stage cancers that have previously only been surgically removed can now be performed without endoscopic mucosal resection, endoscopic submucosal dissection or endoscopic full thickness resection.



WHAT WILL YOUR IMMEDIATE WAYS IMPROVE YOUR IMMUNITY IN CANCER TREATMENT?


What are the ways to prevent colon (large intestine) cancer?
Professor of Gastroenterology, Professor of Internal Medicine, Acıbadem University Faculty of Medicine. Dr. Nurdan Tözün explained the ways of preserving colon cancer.



Pay attention to your food
Large intestine cancer is directly related to unhealthy diet. Particularly over-fat foods, consumption of animal fat and red meat-weighted diet are inviting large intestine cancer. It is also necessary to avoid processed and added meat such as salami-sausage-sausage-bacon. Since insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruit negatively affects the health of the digestive system, do not neglect to consume enough vegetables and fruits every day. Take care to consume plenty of fiber foods.



Avoid smoking and alcohol
It has been shown in 57 studies that the use of alcohol led to an increase in colon and rectum cancer. When drinking 50 grams or more of alcohol per day, colon cancer is 1.5 times more risky than non-smokers. Acetaldehyde, a toxic chemical that occurs after alcohol breakdown, damages both DNA and proteins. Alcohol also triggers cancer by damaging DNA through the formation of toxic oxygen derivatives. The effects of carcinogenic substances such as nitrosamines, phenols, hydrocarbons, which may be present in the alcoholic composition, should not be ignored. When smoking and alcohol are used together, the risk of colon cancer is increasing. With nicotine and other toxic residues it contains, the cigarette grows the colon tumor and increases the blood supply, leading to cell proliferation. In particular, the cancer of the liver and the food pipe enter the cigarette field, and through cigarette metabolic residues, both the ground and the cancer grow, making it easier for the tumor to grow and metastasize.



Get rid of excess pounds
It has been proved by many scientific studies that overweight is the enemy of health. Excessive weight, which leads to many problems in heart and vascular diseases from diabetes, also provides a foundation for colon cancer. For example, an increase of 5 pounds increases the risk of colon cancer by 5 per cent.



Practice regularly
The inactivity, one of the greatest damages to human health in the modern age, is spreading rapidly. However, every day at least 45 minutes of exercise or at least three days a week at least 30 minutes of regular walking is a must for healthy life. Regular exercise is also of great benefit in the prevention of colon cancer.



Make screening tests
Colonoscopy and fecal occult blood testing should be done by everyone over the age of 50. If you have a cancer story in your family, do it earlier. If you have cancer in your relatives at 1 st, take care to get the patient's age 10 years before the current age. Because of colon cancer in your family near the 1st degree, the cancer risk increases 2-4 times.



Beware of calcium and vitamin D
Studies on the efficacy of calcium and vitamin D in preventing colon cancer have been controversial, suggesting that calcium binds to secondary bile acids that are toxic to the gut, removing them from the medium and preventing their harmful effects. It is not known exactly how vitamin D prevents cancer. However, it is accepted that it has anti-carcinogenic effect by suppressing inflammation (inflammation) leading to cancer and preventing cell proliferation. For this reason, make sure that calcium and vitamin D are sufficient.
stay away from tresten
Professor of Gastroenterology. Dr. Nurdan Tözün "Is it easy to escape the strut in today's conditions? Although stress can not play a role in cancer triggering, intense and constant stress can diminish our resistance to both infections and cancer by killing the immune system. But there is a need for extensive work to prove it. On the other hand, regular sleep also plays an important role in protecting against cancer. "



Getting caught early due to colonoscopy!
Professor Colon said that it is very important to have a colonoscopy for early diagnosis. Dr. Nurdan Tözün "National colorectal cancer screenings are carried out by Family Health Centers and Centers for Early Diagnosis, Screening and Education of Cancer (KETEM) in Community Health Centers in our country. People over 50 years old or those in the risk group should go to the Family Health Centers and give a stool sample. Those who have positive blood in the stool are referred to the center for colonoscopy. This program is carried out successfully. However, awareness in society needs to be widespread, "he says. Large intestine cancer develops on the surface of benign tumors called 'polyps'. These poles were removed during colonoscopy and cancer development was prevented. Dr. Nurdan Tözün "In recent years, the number of patients with colon and rectum cancer is increasing with the spread of screening programs. The screening age of 40-45 ages is on the agenda when the incidence of colon cancer has increased at a young age. Colonoscopy reduces colon cancer incidence by 80 percent. However, the person who is experienced and competent is obliged to remove all the polyps and clean the intestines very well. In addition, with the help of new instruments and the comfort of the patient, sedation is not a difficult process and is considered life saving. " Professor Dr. Nurdan Emphasizes that the preparation of colonoscopy and the preparation of the day before is not difficult at all, contrary to what you might think.


People who need colon cancer screening
People over 50 years old,
In the family of 1 degree relatives (mother, father, sister) who have large bowel cancer,
Those who have previously received a diagnosis of large intestine, breast, ovarian or uterine cancer,
People with colon polyp, familial polyposis or familial non-polyposis cancer,
Those who have previously been stripped of their own polyps,
Those with chronic inflammatory bowel disease for 8 years are primarily those who are prone to cancer and need to be screened regularly.
Fight with cancer!


Acıbadem Altunizade Hospital Oncology Dietician Dilşat Baş explained the nutritional habits that should be taken care of in order to prevent colon cancer, important suggestions were found.


Get plenty of nourishment
In the works done; colon and rectum cancers were seen more frequently in societies fed with less pulp. Nutrition with a high-fiber diet reduces the risk of cancer by reducing the duration of transit through the digestive tract of waste materials and creating heavier, more voluminous waste (feces). In addition, the fat content of a diet rich in calcium is often less, and it also protects against colon cancer. Oncology Dietician Dilşat Baş says that you need to get 25-35 grams of fodder per day to feed enough fodder.



To meet your daily needs:
Eat whole grain bread.
Eat 1-2 servings of cooked vegetables a day on a regular basis. Add at least two main courses of cold cut vegetables or salad.
Do not neglect to eat two to three times a week. On a daily basis you can enrich your salads and sausages with legumes.
Instead of plain pasta, whole wheat pasta, instead of rice, whole wheat rice or bulgur pilaf prefer.
Add 1-2 spoonfuls of wheat or oatmeal or oatmeal to your daily diet.

Do not forget to consume fruit
Fruits are also rich in nutrients. Those who consume enough fruit are more protected from colon cancer than those with insufficient consumption. So take care to eat fruit every day. To increase the amount of pulp your diet can be consumed with shells very good to wash with your shells are beneficial to consume. Fruits such as apricots, red plums and figs are rich in pulp, so if you have a constipation complaint, include them in your feed. In this case, especially choosing the unsweetened compost is more effective in increasing intestinal activity. Oncology Dietician Dilşat Baş says that excessive consumption of fruit does not provide any additional benefits in terms of colon cancer. "So it will be enough to consume 2-3 servings a day".


Do not skim the garlic on your table
There is evidence that diets with high garlic content are protective against colon cancer. Give your table a little more space in this seasonal vegetable that is often used in our traditional food.



Make room for calcium sources in your diet
Adequate calcium intake is protective against colon cancer. As much milk and dairy products as specified must be included in your daily diet plan. For adults, consumption of 2 cups of milk or yoghurt and 60 gr of cheese meets adequate calcium intake. Adolescents need to drink 2 cups of milk or yogurt a day, 120 grams of cheese to meet their calcium needs.



Limit red meat consumption
As the consumption of red meat increases, the risk of colon cancer increases. Oncology Dietician Dilşat Baş pointed out that the consumption of red meat should be less than 500 grams per week for this reason. "Be careful not to burn while the meat is cooked because the chemicals (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) that come out of the meat contribute to the formation of cancer-predominant molecules. Use boiling, grilling or baking techniques as cooking methods, "he says.



Make your salad colorful
The substances that give the vegetable natural color help the cancerous cells to be removed from the body and make the immune system strengthening effect. For this reason, do not miss 2-3 servings a day from your table. Make sure your salads are made from seasonal vegetables and include as many vegetables as possible. Add boiled chickpeas, dried beans, bulgur, corn and slices to increase both the pulp and protein content of your salads.



Avoid processed meat and meat products
Nitrites and nitrates, which are used to protect color and product quality during the production of processed meat products such as salami, sausage and sausage, are carcinogenic. So avoid the consumption of processed meat products.
Check your D vitamine level
Studies have shown that colon cancer incidence is high in people with vitamin D deficiency. It is useful to have an assay to make sure your vitamin D levels are adequate. D vitamins, you can get the necessary reinforcements with your doctor's recommendation.



Do not smoke, avoid alcohol consumption
According to the studies done, cigarette smoking increases the risk of colon cancer as well as many types of cancer. So if you smoke, quit immediately, if you are not using alcohol, do not start. If you are consuming alcohol, definitely reduce the amount and frequency.



Reach your ideal weight
According to data from Turkey Nutrition and Health Survey; 30 out of every 100 people are obese and about 35 are overweight. Oncology Dietician Dilşat Baş emphasized that being obese or overweight, regardless of physical activity habits, is among the risk factors that lead to the formation of colon cancer, suggesting that "Take nutritional precautions to achieve healthy weight. If you can not lose weight alone, reach your target weight with an expert help. Pay particular attention to fat in the abdominal area and establish a nutritional plan to reduce the body fat ratio. "



REDUCE COLON CANCER RISK IN 11 STEP


What are the stages and treatment of colon (colon) cancer?


Istanbul University, Institute of Oncology Professor. Dr. Faruk Aykan gave information about colon cancer stages and treatment methods.



There are four stages of colon cancer. These:



First 2 stages: Early stage
In these stages, the disease is located in the large intestine and does not jump at any other time. Thus, it is possible to clear the disease with the surgeon and save the life of the patient.



Third phase
At this stage, the disease just leaps to the lymph nodes. Surgery is beneficial at this stage, but must also be done with protective chemotherapy.



Fourth phase
In this phase, the distant organ means spread disease. The age and performance of the patient are of great importance in the success of this treatment. "If the patient is not bedridden, the chances of treatment are high," Prof. Dr. Faruk Aykan, 4'th stage can be done in surgery, but first of all, says that chemotherapy is needed.



Radiotherapy comes to mind in some metastases, such as bone spasms. Patients with rectal cancer need early chemotherapy and radiotherapy before surgery. It is stated that the most important advantage of this is to enable the patient to live with his organ. In the past, the normal stool was closed and the stomach bag was closed and the patient stomach stomach until the end of his stomach stating that professor. Dr. "Modern medicine has greatly reduced this rate," Aykan said. Professor Dr. Aykan underlines that the decision must be made according to the case in advanced stages of the illness.



Tumor-shrinking treatment
Professor Dr. Dr. Faruk Aykan, if the disease jumps to the liver, chemotherapy is done first, and with the targeted drugs, the tumor in the liver is shrunk to make the patient ready for surgery
he says.
Patients are late
Many patients with colorectal cancer have been reported to be undergoing treatment late. on the stage
, it is known that mortality rates abroad in colon cancer have fallen by up to 25 percent. The way to increase success rate is to raise awareness. Individuals who are in the risk group at all ages and everything goes well should undergo colonoscopy at age 50 and have to look at the secret blood in their stool every year. It is also important to note that the regulation of life style and the body mass index are below 25. It is also of great importance that calorie restriction and abundant exercise are not neglected. Making the symptoms serious, making the necessary analysis and life changes can reduce the risk of colon cancer by 60 percent.



DOES HELP HELP PREVENT COLLAR CARCINOMA?


How good is colon cancer?
+11
Unhealthy nutrition, smoking, alcohol and stress when we say that the number of good bacteria in our bowels can decrease over time. As a result, our healthy intestinal flora breaks down and invites diseases. Özge Öçal, a nutrition and diet specialist at Acıbadem Maslak Hospital, told about 10 nutrients that are effective in protecting against intestinal cancer, important reminders and suggestions.